"The importance of laboratory tests in the early detection of diabetes" - Dr. Shabnam Alirzayeva answers
Endocrinologist Dr. Shabnam Alirzayeva answers the question "The importance of laboratory tests in early detection of diabetes" in the "Doctor's advice" section.
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic endocrine disease characterized by an increase in blood sugar, which occurs as a result of insufficient insulin produced by the body or a violation of its effect. One of the main characteristics of this disease is that it does not manifest itself in the early stages, it goes hidden in the body. It is usually determined in the general analysis of blood and urine.
Prediabetes is a boundary between a healthy body and diabetes. People diagnosed with prediabetes are at risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Although this prediabetic condition is dangerous, it is completely treatable. Research shows that chronic complications begin to develop in the pre-diabetes stage. By the time diabetes is diagnosed, organ damage is already present and cannot be reversed.
Therefore, timely detection of the disease is crucial. The diagnosis of prediabetes, type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus is made based on clinical symptoms, anamnesis collected about the patient (for example, a tendency to diabetes in the family, glycemic disorders during pregnancy) and the results of laboratory examinations. "Diabetic profile" laboratory analysis is of great importance in determining diabetes. Diabetic profile tests include HbA1C, Glucose, C-peptide, Glucose-tolerance test, Glucose, Fructosamine and Insulin tests.
Glycohemoglobin is the combination of hemoglobin with glucose and shows the average level of glucose in the last 3 months. This is the most accurate and necessary test for both diagnosis and monitoring the treatment of diabetes.
When is the oral glucose tolerance test performed?: if there is a discrepancy between fasting blood sugar and glycohemoglobin or between clinical symptoms and the result of a blood laboratory examination, a sugar loading test is used to clarify the diagnosis. It is important to carry out this examination to detect diabetes during pregnancy.
If you constantly feel thirsty, experience dry mouth, sudden weight loss (for no reason), weakness, itchy skin, you should undergo a diabetes profile laboratory examination. If you are diagnosed with diabetes, you should definitely reconsider your past lifestyle - determine the right lifestyle for yourself. This is the only way to return blood sugar to a normal level and prevent the affects of diabetes.
I would like to also mention that "diabetic profile" laboratory tests should be prescribed by a doctor.
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