Drinking one or two glasses of wine a week during pregnancy can have an impact on a child's IQ, a study says.
Researchers from Oxford and Bristol universities looked at the IQ scores of 4,000 children as well as recording the alcohol intake of their mothers.
They found "moderate" alcohol intake of one to six units a week during pregnancy affected IQ.
Experts said the effect was small, but reinforced the need to avoid alcohol in pregnancy.
Previous studies have produced inconsistent and confusing evidence on whether low to moderate levels of alcohol are harmful in pregnancy, largely because it is difficult to separate out other factors that may have an effect such as the mother's age and education.
But this research, published in the PLOS One journal, ruled that out by looking at changes in the genes that are not connected to social or lifestyle effects.
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