Men tend to be more narcissistic than women and as a result are more likely to exploit others, a United States study said after analyzing three decades worth of data from more than 475,000 people.
The findings were consistent across multiple age groups and generations, said the University of Buffalo School of Management, while claiming that narcissism has good and bad points.
"Narcissism is associated with interpersonal dysfunctions, including an inability to maintain healthy long-term relationships, unethical behavior and aggression," said lead author Emily Grijalva, assistant professor of organization and human resources at the school in New York state.
"At the same time, narcissism is shown to boost self-esteem, emotional stability and the tendency to emerge as a leader," she said.
The researchers examined more than 355 journal articles, dissertations, manuscripts and technical manuals, and studied gender differences in the three aspects of narcissism: leadership/authority, grandiose/exhibitionism and entitlement.
They found the widest gap in entitlement, suggesting that men are more likely than women to exploit others and feel entitled to certain privileges.
The results will be published in the forthcoming Psychological Bulletin journal.
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